2-Hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethylethan-1-aminium chloride

Drug ingredient

CAS 67-48-1

This drug ingredient has classified U.S. production volumes. EPA withholds the number as confidential business information.

US productionCBI

Confidential Business Information. The EPA withholds this volume because publishing it could reveal the reporting company's trade secrets.

Import value, 2024$22M

Top sourceItaly 48%

At least one company claimed its 2023 production or import volume for this chemical as confidential, so EPA withholds it.

Why supply is unknown

Production is reported production, not a complete census of factories. US production volume is confidential. Production reporting year: 2023. Import value and source-country shares describe a shared customs category, not a separate chemical measurement.

Where It Comes From

Customs basis: HS 292310 · basket

EPA reports by year

2023: US production Confidential · Imports Confidential
2019: US production Confidential · Imports Confidential

These shares come from HS customs code 292310, which covers 11 tracked chemicals in total. They estimate the category's origin mix, not this chemical specifically.

Source Countries

Country of origin for US imports, from Census customs data (2024).

IT 48%ItalyCN 30%ChinaIN 8%IndiaBE 6%BelgiumDE 4%Germany

Switzerland
Japan
Taiwan
Georgia
Canada
Uzbekistan

Domestic parents -- activity not disclosed (4)

EPA records name a US company for this chemical but do not disclose whether the company made it here or imported it.

Calfrac Well Services

Eastman Chemical

Schlumberger

Vibrantz Technologies

EPA-registered importers (2)

Companies that report making or importing this chemical to the EPA. Registration is US-centric and does not indicate import origin.

Ch Biotech R&D · TW Taiwan

Ch Biotech

Why It Matters

Sectors

HealthAgricultureEnergy

Downstream UsesNot recorded

FDA Shortage Status

Whether any manufacturer currently reports this drug as in shortage on the FDA Drug Shortages database. "Active Shortage" means at least one presentation has status "current."

No FDA shortage records

Industrial Uses

Used in 3 sectors as 3 functional roles.

•Soil amendments (fertilizers) in Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing and Hunting (100%)Processing—incorporation into formulation, mixture, or reaction product
•Processing aids, specific to petroleum production in Oil and Gas Drilling, Extraction, and Support activitiesProcessing—incorporation into formulation, mixture, or reaction product
•Abrasives in Not Known or Reasonably Ascertainable (100%)Processing—incorporation into formulation, mixture, or reaction product

Chemical Identity

CAS67-48-1

PubChem CID6209

DTXSIDDTXSID4020325

FormulaC5H14ClNO

Mol. Weight139.62 g/mol

SMILESC[N+](C)(C)CCO.[Cl-]

Data Sources

EPA CompTox (DSSTox) · DTXSID4020325Retrieved 2026-04-06
PubChem · compound 6209Retrieved 2026-04-06
EPA Chemical Data ReportingReporting year: 2023 · Retrieved 2026-10-04
EPA Chemical Data ReportingReporting year: 2023 · Retrieved 2026-10-04
US Census international tradeReporting year: 2024 · Retrieved 2026-10-04

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Brief citations

2-Hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethylethan-1-aminium chloride (CAS 67-48-1) https://chemicalindependence.com/chemical/67-48-1/ EPA CompTox (DSSTox): DTXSID4020325. Retrieved 2026-04-06. https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID4020325 PubChem: 6209. Retrieved 2026-04-06. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/6209 EPA Chemical Data Reporting: 67-48-1. Reporting year: 2023. https://www.epa.gov/chemical-data-reporting EPA Chemical Data Reporting: CAS 67-48-1. Reporting year: 2023. https://www.epa.gov/chemical-data-reporting US Census international trade: HS 292310 for CAS 67-48-1. Reporting year: 2024. https://usatrade.census.gov/