Iron oxide (Fe2O3)
CAS 1309-37-1
U.S. production volumes are classified as confidential business information.
US productionCBI
Confidential Business Information. The EPA withholds this volume because publishing it could reveal the reporting company's trade secrets.
Import value, 2024$542M
Top sourceGermany 26%
At least one company claimed its 2023 production or import volume for this chemical as confidential, so EPA withholds it.
Why supply is unknownProduction is reported production, not a complete census of factories. US production volume is confidential. Production reporting year: 2023. Import value and source-country shares describe a shared customs category, not a separate chemical measurement.
Where It Comes From
Customs basis: HS 282110, 320649 · basket
EPA reports by year
- 2023
- US production Confidential · Imports Confidential
- 2019
- US production Confidential · Imports Confidential
These shares come from HS customs code 282110, 320649, which covers 49 tracked chemicals in total. They estimate the category's origin mix, not this chemical specifically.
Source Countries
Country of origin for US imports, from Census customs data (2024).
DE 26%GermanyCN 19%ChinaCA 17%CanadaMX 8%MexicoIN 5%India
- Colombia
- Sweden
- Taiwan
- Czech Republic
- Romania
- Egypt
- Israel
- Slovakia
- Turkey
- Norway
- Ireland
- Malaysia
- Poland
- South Africa
- Switzerland
- Finland
- Denmark
- United Arab Emirates
- Cyprus
- Greece
- Singapore
- Moldova
- Slovenia
- New Zealand
- Indonesia
- Hungary
- Australia
- Peru
- Pakistan
- Portugal
- Honduras
- Tunisia
EPA-registered manufacturers (16)
Companies that report making or importing this chemical to the EPA. Registration is US-centric and does not indicate import origin.
Amg Critical Materials Nv · NL Netherlands
Arcelormittal · LU Luxembourg
Basf Se · DE Germany
Advanced Micronutrient Products
Agmet
Show all 16
Am/Ns Calvert
Basf
Cleveland-Cliffs
Hempel Usa
Linde
Metallurg
Minerals Technologies
Nucor
Steel Dust Recycling
Vibrantz Technologies
Wsp
Domestic parents -- activity not disclosed (9)
EPA records name a US company for this chemical but do not disclose whether the company made it here or imported it.
Alcoa
Avient
Clariant
Haifa North America
Intercoastal Sales & Management
Show all 9
Konica Minolta Holdings Usa
National Plastics Color
Palmer Holland
Schlumberger
EPA-registered importers (42)
Companies that report making or importing this chemical to the EPA. Registration is US-centric and does not indicate import origin.
Basf Se · DE Germany
Clariant International · CH Switzerland
Compagnie De Saint Gobain · FR France
Heubach Holding S R L · LU Luxembourg
Heubach Holdings Sarl · LU Luxembourg
Show all 42
Huttenes Gmbh & · DE Germany
Ravago S A · LU Luxembourg
Sika Ag · CH Switzerland
3M
Aakash Chemicals
Aalborz Chemical
Akrochem
Blue Tree Holdings
Chemalloy
Ha International
Haldor Topsoe
Hallmark Cards
Hct
Heubach Holding Usa
Hilti
Johnson Matthey
Lanxess
Lintech International
Master Builders Solutions
Nucor Steel Louisiana
Pht International
Pigments Services
Revelli Chemicals
Saint Gobain
Sika
Smalticeram Usa
Solomon Colors
St Marys Cement
Target
The Lincoln Electric
The Shepherd Material Science
The Sherwin Williams
Tms International
Transtar Autobody Technologies
Trust Chem Usa Llc.
Usal
Venator Chemicals
Why It Matters
Sectors
AgricultureEnergyElectronicsTransportationConstructionMetals & MiningPlastics & RubberTextilesConsumer ProductsPaints & CoatingsPaper & PrintingCore Chemicals
Downstream UsesNot recorded
FDA Shortage Status
Whether any manufacturer currently reports this drug as in shortage on the FDA Drug Shortages database. "Active Shortage" means at least one presentation has status "current."
No FDA shortage records
Industrial Uses
Used in 28 sectors as 15 functional roles.
- •Pigment in Paint and Coating Manufacturing (94%)Processing—incorporation into formulation, mixture, or reaction product
- •Pigment in Printing Ink Manufacturing (6%)Processing—incorporation into formulation, mixture, or reaction product
- •Pigment in All Other Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing (90%)Processing—repackaging
- •Dye in Wood Product Manufacturing (1%)Processing—incorporation into formulation, mixture, or reaction product
- •Pigment in Plastics Material and Resin ManufacturingProcessing—incorporation into article
- •Soil amendments (fertilizers) in Pesticide, Fertilizer, and Other Agricultural Chemical ManufacturingNot Known or Reasonably Ascertainable
- •Oxidizing agent in Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing (100%)Processing—incorporation into article
- •Pigment in Construction (100%)Processing—incorporation into formulation, mixture, or reaction product
- •Catalyst in All Other Basic Organic Chemical ManufacturingUse—non-incorporative activities
- •Pigment in Synthetic Dye and Pigment Manufacturing (100%)Processing—incorporation into formulation, mixture, or reaction product
- •Pigment in Custom Compounding of Purchased Resins (30%)Processing—incorporation into formulation, mixture, or reaction product
- •Pigment in Wholesale and Retail Trade (1%)Processing—incorporation into formulation, mixture, or reaction product
- •Alloys in Primary Metal Manufacturing (100%)Use—non-incorporative activities
- •Filler in Primary Metal Manufacturing (100%)Processing—incorporation into formulation, mixture, or reaction product
- •Dye in All Other Basic Inorganic Chemical ManufacturingProcessing—incorporation into formulation, mixture, or reaction product
- •Intermediate in All Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing (100%)Processing as a reactant
- •Pigment in Non-metallic Mineral Product Manufacturing (includes clay, glass, cement, concrete, lime, gypsum, and other non-metallic mineral product manufacturing) (100%)Processing—incorporation into article
- •Pigment in Plastics Product Manufacturing (1%)Processing—incorporation into formulation, mixture, or reaction product
- •Solids separation (precipitating) agent, not otherwise specified in All Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing (100%)Processing as a reactant
- •Pigment in Miscellaneous Manufacturing (20%)Processing—incorporation into article
- •Filler in Machinery ManufacturingUse—non-incorporative activities
- •Pigment in Transportation Equipment ManufacturingProcessing—incorporation into article
- •Pigment in Furniture and Related Product ManufacturingProcessing—incorporation into article
- •Pigment in Electrical Equipment, Appliance, and Component ManufacturingProcessing—incorporation into article
- •Pigment in Wood Product ManufacturingProcessing—incorporation into article
- •Processing aids, specific to petroleum production in Petroleum Refineries (100%)Processing—incorporation into formulation, mixture, or reaction product
- •Intermediate in Primary Metal ManufacturingProcessing as a reactant
- •Pigment in Adhesive Manufacturing (100%)Processing—incorporation into formulation, mixture, or reaction product
- •Dye in Printing and Related Support Activities (80%)Processing—incorporation into formulation, mixture, or reaction product
- •Pigment in Oil and Gas Drilling, Extraction, and Support activities (0%)Processing—incorporation into formulation, mixture, or reaction product
- •Adsorbent in Oil and Gas Drilling, Extraction, and Support activities (0%)Processing—incorporation into formulation, mixture, or reaction product
- •Catalyst in Petroleum Refineries (26%)Use—non-incorporative activities
- •Catalyst in Industrial Gas Manufacturing (32%)Use—non-incorporative activities
- •Catalyst in All Other Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing (42%)Use—non-incorporative activities
- •Reducing agent in Primary Metal Manufacturing (100%)Processing—incorporation into formulation, mixture, or reaction product
- •Heat stabilizer in Primary Metal Manufacturing (100%)Processing—incorporation into article
- •Dye in Synthetic Dye and Pigment Manufacturing (100%)Processing—incorporation into formulation, mixture, or reaction product
- •Abrasives in Not Known or Reasonably Ascertainable (100%)Processing—incorporation into formulation, mixture, or reaction product
- •Pigment in Asphalt Paving, Roofing, and Coating Materials Manufacturing (100%)Processing—incorporation into formulation, mixture, or reaction product
- •Pigment in Not Known or Reasonably Ascertainable (100%)Processing—incorporation into formulation, mixture, or reaction product
- •Catalyst in Plastics Material and Resin ManufacturingProcessing—incorporation into formulation, mixture, or reaction product
- •Catalyst in Transportation Equipment ManufacturingProcessing—incorporation into article
- •Pigment in All Other Basic Inorganic Chemical ManufacturingProcessing—incorporation into formulation, mixture, or reaction product
- •Catalyst in All Other Basic Inorganic Chemical ManufacturingProcessing—incorporation into formulation, mixture, or reaction product
- •Laboratory chemicals in Fabricated Metal Product ManufacturingUse—non-incorporative activities
Chemical Identity
CAS1309-37-1
PubChem CID518696
DTXSIDDTXSID0029632
FormulaFe2O3
Mol. Weight159.69 g/mol
SMILESO=[Fe]O[Fe]=O
Data Sources
- EPA CompTox (DSSTox) · DTXSID0029632Retrieved 2026-04-06
- PubChem · compound 518696Retrieved 2026-04-06
- EPA Chemical Data ReportingReporting year: 2023 · Retrieved 2026-10-04
- EPA Chemical Data ReportingReporting year: 2023 · Retrieved 2026-10-04
- US Census international tradeReporting year: 2024 · Retrieved 2026-10-04
Brief citations
Iron oxide (Fe2O3) (CAS 1309-37-1) https://chemicalindependence.com/chemical/1309-37-1/ EPA CompTox (DSSTox): DTXSID0029632. Retrieved 2026-04-06. https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID0029632 PubChem: 518696. Retrieved 2026-04-06. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/518696 EPA Chemical Data Reporting: 1309-37-1. Reporting year: 2023. https://www.epa.gov/chemical-data-reporting EPA Chemical Data Reporting: CAS 1309-37-1. Reporting year: 2023. https://www.epa.gov/chemical-data-reporting US Census international trade: HS 282110,320649 for CAS 1309-37-1. Reporting year: 2024. https://usatrade.census.gov/